Background and Objectives: Metacognition is one of the important variables that plays a major role in anxiety disorders. Therefore, the aim of this research was to compare the components of metacognition in adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder and normal adolescents.

Methodology: This research was applied in terms of objective and, in terms of method, was post-event (or causal-comparative). The statistical population consisted of all 75 adolescent girls aged 15-18 with obsessive-compulsive disorder who referred to the treatment clinics in Ghaemshahr city. From this population, 63 individuals were selected as the statistical sample using a non-random convenience sampling method. Furthermore, to ensure matching, 63 female students were randomly selected from the second-grade high school students. The data collection tool in this research was the 30-item metacognitive beliefs questionnaire by Wells. Independent samples t-test was used for data analysis.

Findings: There is a significant difference between the components of metacognition in adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder and normal adolescents. The mean of the components (positive beliefs about worry and cognitive self-consciousness) in normal adolescents is higher than in adolescents with OCD. Also, the mean of the components (negative beliefs about worry and poor cognitive confidence) in adolescents with OCD is higher than in normal adolescents. However, there is no significant difference in the component of the necessity of controlling thoughts between adolescents with OCD and normal adolescents.

Conclusion: Metacognitive processes play a significant role in the formation and persistence of obsessive symptoms.